Backflow testing is the annual inspection and pressure test of a backflow prevention assembly — a mechanical device that protects the public water supply from contamination caused by reversed water flow.
What Is Backflow?
Backflow occurs when water flows backward through a plumbing connection — from your property into the public water system. This can carry contaminants like fertilizer, cleaning chemicals, human waste, or industrial fluids into the drinking water supply.
What Is a Backflow Prevention Assembly?
A backflow prevention assembly (BPA) is a mechanical valve device installed on your water connection that prevents water from reversing direction. Common types include RPZ (Reduced Pressure Zone) assemblies, Double Check Valve Assemblies (DCVA), and Pressure Vacuum Breakers (PVB).
Why Is Annual Testing Required?
Backflow prevention devices contain springs, seals, and diaphragms that wear over time. Annual testing confirms the device is functioning correctly. Indiana water utilities require this testing under their cross-connection control programs, which are regulated by IDEM (Indiana Department of Environmental Management).
Who Performs Backflow Testing?
Testing must be performed by a state-certified backflow tester. In Indiana, testers typically hold ASSE 5110 or ASSE 5120 certification, or credentials approved by your specific water utility. Always verify tester credentials before hiring.